| ︵ᠳᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠ︶ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ | ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠨᠡ᠃ | 1 . ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡ᠃ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠪᠴᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ᠂ | ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠵᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ | ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠤᠷᠢᠭᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠵᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠬᠦ ᠲᠥᠪ᠂ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠬᠦ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ | ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ BIM ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠴᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠨᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠳ | ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠴᠡᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤᠷᠠᠨ | ᠪᠣᠭᠤᠮᠲᠠ ᠰᠢᠪᠲᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ᠂ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠷᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠧᠲ᠋ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡᠲᠦ ᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠩ ᠴᠢᠳᠬᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠰᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ | ᠦᠷᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠮᠵᠢᠲᠡᠶ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠬᠤ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠣᠶᠤᠨᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ | ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ᠂ | ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦᠨ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ BIM ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠵᠤ | ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠪᠴᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ᠂ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠷᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠣᠬᠢᠷᠲᠤᠯ ᠥᠬᠡᠶ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ | ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠦᠨ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠣᠨᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠴᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠪᠠ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ | ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠥᠲᠥᠯᠦᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠳᠴᠤ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠠ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠨᠡ᠃ ︵ | ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠴᠢ᠄ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠲᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ | ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ︶᠃ | 2 . ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠩᠨᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ | ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠥᠲᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠳᠴᠤ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠩᠨᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠤᠵᠠᠭᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ | ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡ᠃ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠶ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ᠂ | ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠨᠡ᠃ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠪᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠬᠤ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ | BIM ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ᠂ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠷᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ᠂ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠷᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠩᠨᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ | ᠠᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠯᠢᠩ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠰᠥ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠡᠰ ᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠲᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠴᠤ᠂ | ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠯᠢᠩ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠰᠥ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠮᠵᠢᠲᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨᠰᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠡ | ᠃ ︵ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ᠄ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠲᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ | ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ︶᠃ | |